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Equations

Scores

Anion Gap

Anion Gap = Na - (Cl + HCO₃^-) Delta Gap = Anion Gap - 12 (nl anion gap)

Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis: MUDPILERS

Methanol
Uremia
DKA/Alcoholic KA
Paraldehyde
Isoniazid
Lactic Acidosis
Etoh/Ethylene Glycol
Rhabdo/Renal Failure
Salicylates

Non-Anion Gap Acidosis: HARDUPS

Hyperalimentation
Acetazolamide
Renal Tubular Acidosis
Diarrhea
Uretero-Pelvic Shunt
Post-Hypocapnia
Spironolactone

Acute Respiratory Acidosis (Chronic Respiratory Acidosis = COPD/restrictive lung dz): any hypoventilation state

CNS Depression (drugs/CVA)
Airway Obstruction
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Edema
Hemo/Pneumothorax
Myopathy

Metabolic Alkalosis: CLEVER PD

Contraction
Licorice*
Endo: (Conn�s/
Cushing�s/Bartter�s)*
Vomiting
Excess Alkali*
Refeeding Alkalosis*

Respiratory Alkalosis: CHAMPS (think speed up breathing)

CNS disease
Hypoxia
Anxiety
Mech Ventilators
Progesterone
Salicylates/Sepsis