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    Patent Pending

    RIETE Score for Risk of Hemorrhage in Pulmonary Embolism Treatment

    Determine the risk of major bleeding during anticoagulant therapy.
    When to Use
    Pearls/Pitfalls
    Why Use

    Consider using the RIETE score to stratify patients’ risk for bleeding after anti-coagulation for DVT/PE in conjunction with situation specific risks/benefits.

    The RIETE registry developed a clinical score to stratify a patient’s risk of major bleeding with anticoagulation for DVT or PE.

    • Included all patients with symptomatic acute DVT or PE diagnosed by CTV or US for DVT and pulmonary angiography, lung scintigraphy or helical CT for PE
    • Scoring system consisted of 6 criteria, 1 of which was worth 2 points, 2 worth 1.5 points each, and 3 worth 1 point each
    • The study used 0 points to define low risk for major bleeding events (0.1% risk of bleeding), 1-4 points for intermediate risk (2.8% risk), and >4 points for high risk (6.2% risk)
    • Major bleeding was defined as overt bleeding plus one of the following:
      • Required transfusion of 2+ units of blood,
      • Retroperitoneal, spinal or intracranial, OR
      • Fatal

    Points to keep in mind:

    • Study used same population for derivation and validation cohorts
    • Did not distinguish between different types of anticoagulation
    • Anemia was never defined
    • Score has not been externally validated. The only validation study to date utilized the same RIETE database and used a different endpoint.

    A subsequent risk score has been developed by the ATRIA group which also used similar criteria in their score to determine risk of bleeding after anti-coagulation with warfarin for atrial fibrillation. They also had a similar overall bleeding rate as the RIETE group.

    The RIETE score is based on a very large cohort of patients and, if validated, has a significant difference in outcomes between the low and high risk groups, making it a potentially powerful tool to guide the decision to anticoagulate.

    No
    0
    Yes
    +2
    No
    0
    Yes
    +1.5
    No
    0
    Yes
    +1.5
    No
    0
    Yes
    +1
    No
    0
    Yes
    +1
    No
    0
    Yes
    +1

    Result:

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    Next Steps
    Evidence
    Creator Insights
    Dr. Nuria Ruíz-Giménez Arrieta

    About the Creator

    Nuria Ruíz-Giménez Arrieta, MD, practices internal medicine at Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain. She is also an associate professor at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Dr. Arrieta’s research interests include venous thromboembolism and geriatrics.

    To view Dr. Nuria Ruíz-Giménez Arrieta's publications, visit PubMed

    Are you Dr. Nuria Ruíz-Giménez Arrieta? Send us a message to review your photo and bio, and find out how to submit Creator Insights!
    MDCalc loves calculator creators – researchers who, through intelligent and often complex methods, discover tools that describe scientific facts that can then be applied in practice. These are real scientific discoveries about the nature of the human body, which can be invaluable to physicians taking care of patients.
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    About the Creator
    Dr. Nuria Ruíz-Giménez Arrieta
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