Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K)

Exclude metabolic, infectious, or drug causes

Altered ability to function in normal activity due to severe disturbance in the perception of reality (include hallucinations, incoherence, marked loose associations, impoverished thought content, marked illogical thinking, and bizarre, disorganized, or catatonic behavior); exclude uremia and drug causes

Altered mental function with impaired orientation, memory, or other intellectual function (with rapid onset and fluctuating clinical features), inability to sustain attention to environment, and ≥2 of the following: perceptual disturbance, incoherent speech, insomnia or daytime drowsiness, and increased or decreased psychomotor activity; exclude metabolic, infectious, or drug causes

Retinal changes of SLE (include cytoid bodies, retinal hemorrhages, serous exudates or hemorrhages in choroid, and optic neuritis); exclude hypertensive, infectious, or drug causes

Severe, persistent headache (may be migrainous but must be nonresponsive to narcotic analgesia)

Exclude arteriosclerosis

Ulceration, gangrene, tender finger nodules, periungual infarction, splinter hemorrhages or biopsy, and angiogram proof of vasculitis

≥2 joints with pain and signs of inflammation (i.e., tenderness, swelling, or effusion)

Proximal muscle aching/weakness associated with elevated CPK/aldolase, EMG changes, or a biopsy showing myositis

>5 RBC/high-power field; exclude stone, infection, or other cause

>0.5 g/24 hours

>5 WBC/high-power field; exclude infection

Pericardial pain with ≥1 of the following: rub, effusion, or EKG/echocardiogram confirmation

CH50, C3, or C4 decreased below lower limit of normal for lab

Increased above normal range for lab

Exclude infectious causes

Exclude drug causes

Exclude drug causes