Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Scale

A decline of ≥10% between visits generally reflects a clinically meaningful loss of independence.

As scores fall, consider:

• Physical/occupation therapy programs.

• Fall-prevention measures.

• Home safety evaluations.

• Optimizing medication timing.

• Referral for advanced therapies (e.g., deep-brain stimulation).

• Palliative care consultation.

• Long-term care planning.

• Caregiver support services.

Trend results over time to document disease progress.